Paraoxonase role in dyslipidemia in thyroid disease (review article)

Introduction: Thyroid disease e.g. hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism are among the most common endocrine disorders. Dyslipidemia is prevalent in thyroid diseases and lipid oxidation due to oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. Antioxidant enzymes such as paraxonase have a protective role in these patients and their activity is altered in these diseases. This paper reviews serum level of these enzymes in thyroid disease and its association with cardiovascular disease. Different studies have shown that lipid disturbances and antioxidant enzyme alteration increases the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. We review the effect of treatment of thyroid disease on dyslipidemia and serum lipid oxidation and alteration in antioxidant enzyme activity and paraxonase enzyme level